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Physical Science:

Dr. Sunil Karna

Section 11.6 Examples

Example 11.6.1.

Which one of the following is the most abundant element in the earth’s crust?
  1. Nitrogen
  2. Oxygen
  3. Silican
  4. Carbon
Solution.
b.

Example 11.6.2.

Write any two differences between rocks and minerals.
Solution.
A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid substance with a specific chemical composition and a crystalline structure. Examples of minerals include quartz, feldspar, and mica. Minerals have specific physical and chemical properties, such as hardness, color, cleavage, and luster which distinguish it from rock.
A rock is a naturally occurring solid substance that is composed of one or more minerals, as well as other materials such as organic matter, volcanic glass, and mineraloids. Examples of rocks include granite, limestone, and sandstone. Rocks can be classified into three main types based on how they were formed: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

Example 11.6.3.

The tendency of splting of minerals along a particular plane is called
  1. foliation
  2. cleavage
  3. gnesis
  4. faulting
Solution.
b.

Example 11.6.4.

What is quartz?
  1. is a mineral composed of silicon dioxide.
  2. is a mineral composed of calcium carbonate.
  3. is fools’ gold.
  4. is a type of pyrite mineral.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.5.

How are igneous rocks formed
  1. by solidification of magma.
  2. by cementation of sedimentary particles.
  3. by transformation of other rocks due to heat and pressure.
  4. by precipitaion from solution.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.6.

What type of rock is a Coal
  1. Metamorphic rock.
  2. Intrusive igneous rock.
  3. Extrusive igneous rock.
  4. Sedimentary rock.
Solution.
d.

Example 11.6.7.

What type of rock is a Marble
  1. Metamorphic rock.
  2. Intrusive igneous rock.
  3. Extrusive igneous rock.
  4. Sedimentary rock.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.8.

Fossils are most likely to be found in
  1. Metamorphic rock.
  2. Intrusive igneous rock.
  3. Extrusive igneous rock.
  4. Sedimentary rock.
Solution.
d.

Example 11.6.9.

Coral reefs are made of
  1. shale.
  2. granite.
  3. limestone.
  4. quartz.
Solution.
c.

Example 11.6.10.

Subduction zones are never associated with what type of tectonic plate?
  1. Oceanic
  2. Continental
  3. Transform
  4. Divergent
Solution.
d.

Example 11.6.11.

The point where movement occurred which triggered the earthquake is the
  1. epicenter.
  2. focus.
  3. strike.
  4. dip.
Solution.
b.

Example 11.6.12.

Which type of faulting would be least likely to occur along the mid-Atlantic ridge?
  1. normal.
  2. reverse or thrust.
  3. transform.
  4. all of these could occur.
Solution.
b.

Example 11.6.13.

Which of the following could trigger a tsunami?
  1. undersea earthquakes.
  2. the eruption of an oceanic volcano.
  3. undersea landslides.
  4. all of these.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.14.

Which of the following waves is the slowest?
  1. P waves.
  2. S waves.
  3. Surface waves.
  4. all of these.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.15.

What is "Pangea"?
  1. An ancient supercontinent.
  2. A type of rock formation.
  3. A prehistoric creature.
  4. A famous mountain range.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.16.

The Tethys Sea once existed between the continents of Gondwana and Laurasia during the Mesozoic era was surrounded by which of the following mountain ranges
  1. The Alps.
  2. The Himalayas.
  3. The Pyrenees.
  4. The Zagros Mountains.
  5. All of the above.
Solution.
e.

Example 11.6.17.

A crack on earth’s crust along which movement is taken place is called
  1. Fault.
  2. Volcano.
  3. Earthquake.
  4. Tsunami.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.18.

The separation of the ancient supercontinents Laurasia and Gondwana was primarily caused by
  1. Plate tectonics.
  2. Volcanic activity.
  3. Climate change.
  4. Asteroid impact.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.19.

The ancient supercontinents Laurasia and Gondwana were separated by
  1. Caribbean Sea.
  2. Red Sea.
  3. Tethys Sea.
  4. Dead Sea.
Solution.
c.

Example 11.6.20.

Compared to continents, the ocean floors are generally
  1. younger and more geologically active.
  2. older and more geologically stable.
  3. composed of different types of rocks.
  4. more densely populated with life forms.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.21.

Compared to the crust under the ocean, the crust under continents is generally
  1. thicker and less dense.
  2. thinner and more dense.
  3. younger and more geologically active.
  4. older and more geologically stable.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.22.

About how many major plates exist on the earth?
  1. 7.
  2. 15.
  3. 10.
  4. 100.
Solution.
a.

Example 11.6.23.

Dinosaurs appeared on earth during which era?
  1. Cenozoic.
  2. Paleozoic.
  3. Precambrian.
  4. Mesozoic.
Solution.
d.

Example 11.6.24.

Mammals originated in which era?
  1. Cenozoic.
  2. Paleozoic.
  3. Precambrian.
  4. Mesozoic.
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